E-Number Index
Back to catalog

E421

Mannitol

Also known as: D-mannitol

Approved with restrictions
Sweetener

Components / composition

Sugar alcohol (polyol): D-mannitol.

Common usage in food

Sweetener and anti-caking agent in chewing gum and confectionery.

Effects on human health

Poorly absorbed; osmotic effect in intestine.

Risks & considerations

Laxative at high doses. Required polyol warning label in EU.

Regulatory approval (EU)

Permitted with polyol labelling requirements.

US regulatory status (FDA)

Mannitol is permitted in the U.S. as a GRAS direct food substance and as a prior-sanctioned ingredient in certain uses. It is used as a sweetener and anti-caking agent in chewing gum and confectionery. High intake can cause osmotic laxative effects, similar to other polyols.

Permitted amounts / regulatory limits (EU)

Category limits in Annex II; practical limits from laxative effect.

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

Not specified as numeric ADI.

Sources & citations