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E414

Acacia gum (Gum arabic)

Also known as: Gum arabic

Approved in the EU
Thickener

Components / composition

Complex polysaccharide and glycoprotein exudate from Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal trees.

Common usage in food

Emulsifier and coating in confectionery, soft drinks (emulsion stabilizer), and encapsulation.

Effects on human health

Fermented in colon to short-chain fatty acids. Prebiotic effects studied.

Risks & considerations

Generally well tolerated. Rare allergic reactions.

Regulatory approval (EU)

Permitted in EU Annex II.

US regulatory status (FDA)

Gum arabic (acacia gum) is GRAS in the U.S. and used as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and coating in confectionery and beverages. It is a natural tree exudate with a long history of food use. FDA permits it under GRAS direct food substance provisions.

Permitted amounts / regulatory limits (EU)

Quantum satis in many categories.

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

Not specified.

Sources & citations